MALACHITE

The name is derived from the Greek malakhe, meaning "mallow", evidently because of the color.

Appearance  The color is always green, varying from a mid green which can be described as mallow green, to a very dark, even blackish green.  These tones appear, as a rule, in alternate stripes (transverse to the length of the crystal), which are obviously successive layers of concretion and have an arrangement similar to that of the veins in other concretions, with broad curves, dome shapes, and undulations, generally following the direction of the outer surface of the stone.  It has a fairly low hardness, but can acquire exceptional (though not very durable) polish.  It is easily damaged by acids.  Large blocks are used for slabs, balusters, and other sculpted objects.  It is also employed for mosaics, boxes, figurines, cabochons, and beads.

Distinctive features  The green color, veining, shape of the veins, and polish make it unmistakable.

Occurrence  In the past, most malachite came from the Soviet Union (Urals), but nowadays large quantities are also obtained from Zaire, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Chile, the United States, and Australia.

Value  It is much admired as an ornamental material and is quite highly priced for its category, especially when the attractiveness of the material is matched by the workmanship.

Simulants and synthetics  It has not been imitated and is not produced synthetically.